序章　文の成り立ち（Sentence structures）

0001
語（word）Word
▸


0002
句（phrase）Phrase
▸


0003
節（clause）Clause
▸

0004
ピリオド（終止符）Period (full stop)
▸


0005
クエスチョンマーク（疑問符）Question mark
▸


0006
エクスクラメーションマーク（感嘆符）Exclamation mark
▸


0007
コンマ・コロン・セミコロンなどその他の記号Commas, colons, semicolons, and other marks
▸

0008
名詞・代名詞・動詞Nouns, pronouns, and verbs
▸


0009
形容詞・副詞Adjectives and adverbs
▸


0010
前置詞・接続詞・感動詞Prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections
▸

第1章　文の種類（Kinds of sentences）

Part 1　英語の語順（Word order in English）

0011
SVOなどの基本語順Basic word order such as SVO
▸


0012
語順と情報構造の関係The relationship between word order and information structure
▸


0013
日本語の語順との違いDifferences from Japanese word order
▸

Part 2　基本的な文の形（Basic sentence forms）

0014
平叙文Declarative sentences
▸


0015
疑問文Interrogative sentences
▸


0016
命令文Imperative sentences
▸


0017
感嘆文Exclamatory sentences
▸

Part 3　疑問文・命令文の応用形（Applied forms of questions and imperatives）

0018
付加疑問文Tag questions
▸


0019
間接疑問文Indirect questions
▸


0020
否定命令文Negative imperatives
▸


0021
Let's / Do構文Let's / Do constructions
▸

0022
存在を表すthere構文There is/are expressing existence
▸


0023
主語と動詞の一致Subject–verb agreement in there-constructions
▸


0024
応用的なthere構文Advanced uses of there-constructions
▸

第2章　動詞と文型（Verbs and Sentence patterns）

Part 1　動詞の使い方と文型（How to use verbs and sentence patterns）

0025
自動詞と他動詞Intransitive and transitive verbs
▸


0026
文型と動詞の結びつきThe link between sentence patterns and verbs
▸


0027
文型判定の手がかりClues for identifying sentence patterns
▸

Part 2

0028
自動詞の用法Usage of intransitive verbs
▸


0029
他動詞の用法Usage of transitive verbs
▸


0030
自動詞と間違えやすい他動詞Transitive verbs easily mistaken for intransitive verbs
▸

0031
第1〜第5文型の基本The basics of the five sentence patterns
▸


0032
文型判定のポイントKey points for identifying sentence patterns
▸


0033
補語の種類Types of complements
▸

Part 3

0034
自動詞と他動詞を間違えやすい動詞Verbs easily confused as transitive or intransitive
▸


0035
前置詞を伴う自動詞Intransitive verbs followed by a preposition
▸


0036
意味が変わる自他動詞Verbs whose meaning changes between transitive and intransitive use
▸

0037
第4文型をとる動詞Verbs that take the fourth sentence pattern
▸


0038
第5文型をとる動詞Verbs that take the fifth sentence pattern
▸


0039
SVOCとSVOの識別Distinguishing SVOC from SVO
▸

0040
他動詞的な群動詞Transitive phrasal verbs
▸


0041
自動詞＋前置詞＋名詞の形Intransitive verb + preposition + noun
▸

第3章　動詞と時制（Verbs and Tense）

Part 1　「時」をどのように表すか（How to express "time"）

0042
時制の基本概念Basic concept of tense
▸


0043
現在・過去・未来の表し方How to express present, past, and future
▸

Part 2

0044
現在形の用法Usage of the present tense
▸


0045
現在進行形の用法Usage of the present progressive
▸


0046
状態動詞と進行形Stative verbs and the progressive form
▸

0047
過去形の用法Usage of the past tense
▸


0048
過去進行形の用法Usage of the past progressive
▸


0049
過去の習慣を表す表現Expressions for past habits
▸

0050
willによる未来表現Expressing the future with will
▸


0051
be going toによる未来表現Expressing the future with be going to
▸


0052
現在進行形による未来表現Expressing the future with the present progressive
▸

Part 3

0053
when/ifなどの後の現在形The present tense after when/if, etc.
▸


0054
未来のことでも現在形を使う理由Why the present tense is used even for future matters
▸

0055
進行形にできない動詞Verbs that cannot be used in the progressive
▸


0056
進行形が例外的に使われる場合Exceptional cases where the progressive is used
▸

0057
be about toBe about to
▸


0058
be to構文The be to construction
▸


0059
未来進行形The future progressive
▸

0060
時制と動詞の形の対応表A chart matching tense to verb form
▸


0061
よくある時制の誤用パターンCommon tense-error patterns
▸

0062
歴史的現在The historical present
▸


0063
新聞見出しの時制Tense in newspaper headlines
▸

第4章　完了形（Perfect tense）

Part 1　完了形が表す意味（Meanings expressed by the perfect tense）

0064
完了・結果Completion and result
▸


0065
経験Experience
▸


0066
継続Continuation
▸

Part 2

0067
現在完了形の用法Usage of the present perfect
▸


0068
現在完了進行形の用法Usage of the present perfect progressive
▸


0069
現在完了と過去形の違いThe difference between the present perfect and the past tense
▸

0070
過去完了形の用法（大過去）Usage of the past perfect (the "earlier past")
▸


0071
過去完了進行形の用法Usage of the past perfect progressive
▸

Part 3

0072
未来完了形の基本用法Basic usage of the future perfect
▸


0073
will have＋過去分詞の意味The meaning of will have + past participle
▸

0074
結果用法の応用Applications of the resultative use
▸


0075
現在完了と時を表す副詞句の関係The relationship between the present perfect and time adverbials
▸

0076
動詞の形を決める3要素（時制・態・相）The three factors that determine verb form (tense, voice, aspect)
▸


0077
助動詞との組み合わせ方How to combine verb forms with auxiliaries
▸

0078
時制の一致の基本ルールBasic rules of the sequence of tenses
▸


0079
時制の一致の例外Exceptions to the sequence of tenses
▸

0080
have been to / have gone toの違いThe difference between have been to and have gone to
▸


0081
It is the first time (that) S have doneの形The pattern It is the first time (that) S have done
▸

第5章　助動詞（Auxiliary verbs）

Part 1　助動詞の役割（The role of auxiliary verbs）

0082
助動詞の基本的な働きThe basic function of auxiliary verbs
▸


0083
助動詞＋動詞の原形Auxiliary verb + base form of the verb
▸

Part 2

0084
canCan
▸


0085
couldCould
▸


0086
be able to / mayBe able to / may
▸

0087
mustMust
▸


0088
have toHave to
▸


0089
should / ought toShould / ought to
▸

0090
may / mightMay / might
▸


0091
must（推量）Must (conjecture)
▸


0092
cannot（推量）Cannot (conjecture)
▸

0093
willの用法Usage of will
▸


0094
wouldの用法Usage of would
▸


0095
shallの用法Usage of shall
▸

0096
needの用法Usage of need
▸


0097
used toの用法Usage of used to
▸


0098
used toとwouldの違いThe difference between used to and would
▸

Part 3

0099
過去の推量Conjecture about the past
▸


0100
過去の後悔・非難Regret and criticism about the past
▸

0101
cannot help ~ingCannot help ~ing
▸


0102
may wellMay well
▸


0103
would ratherWould rather
▸

0104
提案・要求のshouldShould after verbs of suggestion and demand
▸


0105
感情のshouldShould expressing emotion
▸

0106
助動詞の意味の一覧An overview of auxiliary-verb meanings
▸


0107
助動詞と時制の関係The relationship between auxiliaries and tense
▸

0108
Would you ~? / Could you ~?Would you ~? / Could you ~?
▸


0109
Shall we ~?Shall we ~?
▸


0110
would ratherの応用Applications of would rather
▸

第6章　態（Voice）

Part 1　受動態の形と意味（The form and meaning of the passive voice）

0111
受動態の基本形The basic form of the passive voice
▸


0112
能動態との使い分けDistinguishing active from passive voice
▸

Part 2

0113
be動詞＋過去分詞Be + past participle
▸


0114
受動態の否定文・疑問文Negative and interrogative passive sentences
▸

0115
進行形の受動態The progressive passive
▸


0116
完了形の受動態The perfect passive
▸


0117
助動詞を含む受動態The passive with auxiliary verbs
▸

0118
群動詞の受動態The passive of phrasal verbs
▸


0119
第4文型・第5文型の受動態The passive of the fourth and fifth sentence patterns
▸

Part 3

0120
get受動態The get-passive
▸


0121
感情を表す受動態Passives expressing emotion
▸

0122
by以外の前置詞を使う受動態Passives using prepositions other than by
▸


0123
受動態にできない動詞Verbs that cannot be made passive
▸

0124
不定詞・動名詞・分詞に共通する性質Features common to infinitives, gerunds, and participles
▸


0125
準動詞の意味上の主語The semantic subject of verbals
▸

0126
旧情報を主語にするMaking given information the subject
▸


0127
動作主をぼかすObscuring the agent
▸


0128
byの省略Omission of by
▸

第7章　不定詞（Infinitives）

Part 1　不定詞とは（What is the infinitive）

0129
不定詞の基本形The basic form of the infinitive
▸


0130
to不定詞の意味の広がりThe range of meanings of the to-infinitive
▸

Part 2

0131
主語になる不定詞Infinitives as subject
▸


0132
目的語になる不定詞Infinitives as object
▸


0133
補語になる不定詞Infinitives as complement
▸

0134
名詞を修飾する不定詞Infinitives modifying a noun
▸


0135
be to構文The be to construction
▸

0136
目的を表す不定詞Infinitives expressing purpose
▸


0137
感情の原因を表す不定詞Infinitives expressing the cause of an emotion
▸


0138
結果を表す不定詞Infinitives expressing result
▸


0139
判断の根拠を表す不定詞Infinitives expressing the basis for a judgment
▸

0140
want型The want type
▸


0141
tell型The tell type
▸


0142
allow型The allow type
▸

0143
for＋名詞の意味上の主語For + noun as the semantic subject
▸


0144
of＋名詞の意味上の主語Of + noun as the semantic subject
▸


0145
notの位置The position of not
▸

0146
make / have / letの用法Usage of make / have / let
▸


0147
知覚動詞＋原形不定詞Perception verb + bare infinitive
▸


0148
使役動詞・知覚動詞の受動態The passive of causative and perception verbs
▸

Part 3

0149
完了不定詞The perfect infinitive
▸


0150
進行形の不定詞The progressive infinitive
▸


0151
受動態の不定詞The passive infinitive
▸

0152
seem toSeem to
▸


0153
happen toHappen to
▸


0154
appear toAppear to
▸

0155
独立不定詞Independent infinitives
▸


0156
too…to構文The too…to construction
▸


0157
enough to構文The enough to construction
▸

0158
so as to / in order toSo as to / in order to
▸


0159
only to構文The only to construction
▸


0160
never…to構文The never…to construction
▸

第8章　動名詞（Gerunds）

Part 1　動名詞とは（What is the gerund）

0161
動名詞の基本形The basic form of the gerund
▸


0162
動名詞と不定詞の違いThe difference between the gerund and the infinitive
▸

Part 2

0163
主語になる動名詞Gerunds as subject
▸


0164
目的語になる動名詞Gerunds as object
▸


0165
補語になる動名詞Gerunds as complement
▸

0166
所有格・目的格＋動名詞Possessive/objective case + gerund
▸


0167
notの位置The position of not
▸

Part 3

0168
完了動名詞The perfect gerund
▸


0169
受動態の動名詞The passive gerund
▸

0170
cannot help ~ingCannot help ~ing
▸


0171
look forward to ~ingLook forward to ~ing
▸


0172
be worth ~ingBe worth ~ing
▸

0173
動名詞のみを目的語にとる動詞Verbs that take only a gerund as object
▸


0174
不定詞のみを目的語にとる動詞Verbs that take only an infinitive as object
▸


0175
両方とるが意味が変わる動詞Verbs that take both but change meaning
▸

0176
there is no ~ingThere is no ~ing
▸


0177
It is no use ~ingIt is no use ~ing
▸


0178
on[upon] ~ingOn[upon] ~ing
▸

第9章　分詞（Participles）

Part 1　分詞とは（What is the participle）

0179
現在分詞と過去分詞の違いThe difference between the present and past participle
▸


0180
分詞の基本的な働きThe basic function of the participle
▸

Part 2

0181
前置修飾の分詞Participles placed before the noun
▸


0182
後置修飾の分詞Participles placed after the noun
▸

0183
SVCの分詞Participles in SVC
▸


0184
SVOCの分詞Participles in SVOC
▸

0185
have＋O＋過去分詞Have + O + past participle
▸


0186
知覚動詞＋O＋分詞Perception verb + O + participle
▸

0187
分詞構文の作り方How to form the participial construction
▸


0188
時・理由・条件を表す分詞構文Participial constructions expressing time, reason, or condition
▸


0189
付帯状況を表す分詞構文Participial constructions expressing attendant circumstances
▸

Part 3

0190
完了形の分詞構文The perfect participial construction
▸


0191
受動態の分詞構文The passive participial construction
▸


0192
独立分詞構文The independent (absolute) participial construction
▸

0193
withの後が能動関係の場合When the relation after with is active
▸


0194
withの後が受動関係の場合When the relation after with is passive
▸

0195
慣用的な分詞構文Idiomatic participial constructions
▸


0196
分詞形容詞Participial adjectives
▸

0197
旧情報と新情報Given information and new information
▸


0198
文末焦点の原則The end-focus principle
▸

0199
-ing形の感情形容詞The -ing form of emotion adjectives
▸


0200
-ed形の感情形容詞The -ed form of emotion adjectives
▸

第10章　比較（Comparison）

Part 1　何と何を比較するのか（What is compared with what）

0201
比較の対象をそろえるMaking the two things compared parallel
▸


0202
比較対象の省略と補足Omission and supplementation of the item compared
▸

Part 2

0203
規則変化Regular changes
▸


0204
不規則変化Irregular changes
▸


0205
音節数と語尾変化の関係The relationship between syllable count and inflection
▸

0206
as…as構文The as…as construction
▸


0207
not as[so]…as構文The not as[so]…as construction
▸

0208
比較級＋thanComparative + than
▸


0209
差を表す比較級Comparatives expressing a difference in degree
▸

0210
the＋最上級The + superlative
▸


0211
範囲を表す表現Expressions indicating the range of comparison
▸

0212
否定＋比較級で最上級を表すNegative + comparative expressing a superlative meaning
▸


0213
no other…as[比較級]構文The no other…as[comparative] construction
▸

Part 3

0214
as…as possibleAs…as possible
▸


0215
as much[many] asAs much[many] as
▸


0216
倍数表現Multiple expressions (twice as…as, etc.)
▸

0217
the＋比較級, the＋比較級構文The the + comparative, the + comparative construction
▸


0218
比較級＋and＋比較級Comparative + and + comparative
▸

0219
no more thanNo more than
▸


0220
no less thanNo less than
▸


0221
much[still] lessMuch[still] less
▸

0222
no＋比較級＋thanNo + comparative + than
▸


0223
主語＋no more…thanSubject + no more…than
▸

0224
one of the＋最上級One of the + superlative
▸


0225
最上級＋that節Superlative + that-clause
▸

0226
much / far / a lot＋比較級Much / far / a lot + comparative
▸


0227
by far＋最上級By far + superlative
▸

第11章　関係詞（Relatives）

Part 1　関係代名詞と関係副詞（Relative pronouns and relative adverbs）

0228
関係代名詞の基本概念The basic concept of relative pronouns
▸


0229
関係副詞の基本概念The basic concept of relative adverbs
▸


0230
先行詞との対応Correspondence with the antecedent
▸

Part 2

0231
who / whom / whoseWho / whom / whose
▸


0232
whichWhich
▸


0233
thatThat
▸

0234
限定用法との違いThe difference from the restrictive usage
▸


0235
継続用法のwhich・whoThe continuative use of which and who
▸

0236
whereWhere
▸


0237
whenWhen
▸


0238
whyWhy
▸


0239
howHow
▸

0240
whoever / whatever / whicheverWhoever / whatever / whichever
▸


0241
wherever / wheneverWherever / whenever
▸

Part 3

0242
no matter who[what/which]No matter who[what/which]
▸


0243
譲歩のwhoever構文The concessive whoever construction
▸

0244
疑似関係代名詞asThe quasi-relative pronoun as
▸


0245
疑似関係代名詞thanThe quasi-relative pronoun than
▸

0246
前置詞＋関係代名詞Preposition + relative pronoun
▸


0247
関係代名詞の省略Omission of the relative pronoun
▸


0248
連鎖関係詞節Chain relative clauses
▸

0249
which＋名詞の用法Usage of which + noun
▸


0250
what＋名詞の用法Usage of what + noun
▸

0251
句の定義Definition of a phrase
▸


0252
節の定義Definition of a clause
▸


0253
句と節の見分け方How to distinguish phrases from clauses
▸

0254
名詞句Noun phrases
▸


0255
形容詞句Adjective phrases
▸


0256
副詞句Adverb phrases
▸

0257
名詞節Noun clauses
▸


0258
形容詞節Adjective clauses
▸


0259
副詞節Adverb clauses
▸

0260
疑問代名詞との違いThe difference from interrogative pronouns
▸


0261
疑問副詞との違いThe difference from interrogative adverbs
▸

第12章　仮定法（Subjunctive mood）

Part 1　「仮定法」と動詞の形（The "subjunctive mood" and verb forms）

0262
仮定法過去The past subjunctive
▸


0263
仮定法過去完了The past perfect subjunctive
▸


0264
直説法との違いThe difference from the indicative mood
▸

Part 2

0265
仮定法過去の形The form of the past subjunctive
▸


0266
仮定法過去完了の形The form of the past perfect subjunctive
▸


0267
混合型の仮定法Mixed-type conditionals
▸

0268
wish＋仮定法過去Wish + past subjunctive
▸


0269
wish＋仮定法過去完了Wish + past perfect subjunctive
▸


0270
as if[though]＋仮定法As if[though] + subjunctive
▸

Part 3

0271
if S shouldIf S should
▸


0272
if S were toIf S were to
▸

0273
without[but for]による仮定法The subjunctive with without[but for]
▸


0274
主語による仮定法の代用Using the subject to imply a conditional
▸

0275
it is time＋仮定法過去It is time + past subjunctive
▸


0276
if onlyIf only
▸


0277
I wish I couldI wish I could
▸

0278
Would you…?Would you…?
▸


0279
Could you…?Could you…?
▸


0280
I would appreciate it if…I would appreciate it if…
▸

0281
Were S ~Were S ~
▸


0282
Had S ~Had S ~
▸


0283
Should S ~Should S ~
▸

第13章　疑問詞と疑問文（Interrogative words and Interrogative sentences）

Part 1　疑問文の形（The form of interrogative sentences）

0284
Yes/No疑問文Yes/No questions
▸


0285
WH疑問文WH-questions
▸


0286
疑問詞の位置The position of the interrogative word
▸

Part 2

0287
who / what / whichWho / what / which
▸


0288
when / where / whyWhen / where / why
▸


0289
howHow
▸

0290
選択疑問文Alternative questions
▸


0291
平叙文型疑問文Declarative-form questions
▸

0292
Yes/Noでの答え方How to answer with Yes/No
▸


0293
否定疑問文への答え方How to answer negative questions
▸

Part 3

0294
間接疑問文Indirect questions
▸


0295
付加疑問文Tag questions
▸

0296
What ifWhat if
▸


0297
How comeHow come
▸


0298
Why notWhy not
▸

0299
反語表現としての疑問文Questions used as irony / rhetorical negation
▸


0300
Who knows?型The Who knows? type
▸

第14章　否定（Negative）

Part 1　英語で否定を表す（Expressing negation in English）

0301
notによる否定Negation with not
▸


0302
否定語による否定Negation with negative words
▸

Part 2

0303
notが及ぶ範囲The scope covered by not
▸


0304
否定語の種類（no, never, nothingなど）Types of negative words (no, never, nothing, etc.)
▸

0305
部分否定（not all / not always）Partial negation (not all / not always)
▸


0306
二重否定の意味The meaning of double negation
▸

Part 3

0307
far fromFar from
▸


0308
anything butAnything but
▸


0309
not so much A as BNot so much A as B
▸

0310
too…toToo…to
▸


0311
fail toFail to
▸


0312
the last…toThe last…to
▸

0313
not…at allNot…at all
▸


0314
by no meansBy no means
▸


0315
never everNever ever
▸

第15章　話法（Speech）

Part 1　発言内容の伝え方（How to convey what was said）

0316
直接話法と間接話法の違いThe difference between direct and indirect speech
▸


0317
伝達動詞の選び方How to choose the reporting verb
▸

Part 2　直接話法と間接話法（Direct speech and indirect speech）

0318
引用符の使い方How to use quotation marks
▸


0319
人称・時制の転換Shifts in person and tense
▸


0320
場所・時を表す語の転換Shifts in words expressing place and time
▸

Part 3　間接話法の応用形（Applied forms of indirect speech）

0321
疑問文の話法転換Converting questions between speech forms
▸


0322
命令文の話法転換Converting imperatives between speech forms
▸


0323
感嘆文の話法転換Converting exclamations between speech forms
▸

0324
描出話法の特徴Characteristics of represented speech
▸


0325
直接話法・間接話法との違いThe difference from direct and indirect speech
▸

第16章　名詞構文・無生物主語（Noun construction and Inanimate subject）

Part 1　名詞構文と無生物主語（Noun constructions and inanimate subjects）

0326
名詞構文の基本Basics of the noun construction
▸


0327
無生物主語構文の基本Basics of the inanimate-subject construction
▸

Part 2

0328
動詞の名詞化Nominalizing verbs
▸


0329
形容詞の名詞化Nominalizing adjectives
▸

0330
無生物主語＋他動詞Inanimate subject + transitive verb
▸


0331
無生物主語の日本語への訳し方How to translate inanimate-subject sentences into Japanese
▸

0332
原因・理由で訳すTranslating as cause / reason
▸


0333
条件で訳すTranslating as condition
▸

第17章　強調・倒置・挿入・省略・同格（Emphasis, Inversion, Insertion, Omission, Apposition）

Part 1　文の要素に手を加える理由（Reasons for modifying sentence elements）

0334
情報の強調Emphasizing information
▸


0335
文体上の効果Stylistic effect
▸

Part 2

0336
It is…that構文The It is…that construction
▸


0337
強調のdoEmphatic do
▸


0338
強調の副詞Emphatic adverbs
▸

0339
否定語による倒置Inversion triggered by negative words
▸


0340
only＋副詞句による倒置Inversion triggered by only + adverbial
▸


0341
場所を表す副詞句の倒置Inversion with locative adverbials
▸

0342
挿入節Inserted clauses
▸


0343
挿入句Inserted phrases
▸

0344
共通要素の省略Omission of shared elements
▸


0345
if節・比較節での省略Omission in if-clauses and comparative clauses
▸

0346
名詞＋that節の同格Noun + that-clause in apposition
▸


0347
名詞＋of ~ingの同格Noun + of ~ing in apposition
▸

0348
識別のポイントKey points for distinguishing them
▸


0349
省略できるかどうかの違いThe difference in whether elements can be omitted
▸

第18章　名詞（Nouns）

Part 1　数えられるか，数えられないか（Countable or uncountable）

0350
可算名詞の特徴Characteristics of countable nouns
▸


0351
不可算名詞の特徴Characteristics of uncountable nouns
▸

Part 2

0352
普通名詞Common nouns
▸


0353
集合名詞Collective nouns
▸


0354
物質名詞Material nouns
▸


0355
抽象名詞・固有名詞Abstract nouns and proper nouns
▸

0356
主語・目的語・補語になる名詞Nouns as subject, object, or complement
▸


0357
同格的用法The appositive usage
▸

0358
不可算名詞の数え方How to count uncountable nouns
▸


0359
単複同形の名詞Nouns with identical singular and plural forms
▸

0360
規則変化Regular changes
▸


0361
不規則変化Irregular changes
▸


0362
常に複数形で使う名詞Nouns always used in the plural
▸

0363
'sの付け方How to add ’s
▸


0364
of＋名詞での所有表現Expressing possession with of + noun
▸

0365
限定詞の種類Types of determiners
▸


0366
限定詞の語順The word order of determiners
▸

0367
a number of / the number ofA number of / the number of
▸


0368
a lot of / lots ofA lot of / lots of
▸


0369
plenty ofPlenty of
▸

第19章　冠詞（Articles）

Part 1　a / anか，theか，冠詞なしか（a/an, the, or no article）

0370
不定冠詞と定冠詞の使い分けDistinguishing the indefinite from the definite article
▸


0371
無冠詞になる場合Cases with no article
▸

Part 2

0372
a / anの用法Usage of a / an
▸


0373
theの用法Usage of the
▸

0374
初出・既出による使い分けDistinguishing first mention from prior mention
▸


0375
唯一のものを表すtheThe referring to a unique thing
▸

0376
総称用法The generic usage
▸


0377
慣用表現での冠詞の有無The presence or absence of articles in idioms
▸

0378
go to school / go to the schoolの違いThe difference between go to school and go to the school
▸


0379
by the way型の熟語的定冠詞The idiomatic definite article, as in by the way
▸

第20章　代名詞（Pronouns）

Part 1　代名詞の働き（The function of pronouns）

0380
代名詞の種類の概観An overview of the types of pronouns
▸


0381
代名詞が指す対象What pronouns refer to
▸

Part 2

0382
主格・所有格・目的格Subjective, possessive, and objective case
▸


0383
所有代名詞Possessive pronouns
▸


0384
再帰代名詞Reflexive pronouns
▸

0385
形式主語のitIt as a formal (dummy) subject
▸


0386
形式目的語のitIt as a formal (dummy) object
▸


0387
状況のitIt referring to a situation
▸

0388
this / thatの用法Usage of this / that
▸


0389
such / soの用法Usage of such / so
▸

0390
one / otherの用法Usage of one / other
▸


0391
some / anyの用法Usage of some / any
▸


0392
all / eachの用法Usage of all / each
▸

0393
a friend of mine型The a friend of mine type
▸


0394
二重所有格の作り方How to form the double genitive
▸

第21章　形容詞（Adjectives）

Part 1　形容詞の働きと使い方（The function and usage of adjectives）

0395
限定用法The attributive usage
▸


0396
叙述用法The predicative usage
▸

Part 2

0397
限定用法のみの形容詞Adjectives used only attributively
▸


0398
叙述用法のみの形容詞Adjectives used only predicatively
▸

0399
人を主語にできない形容詞Adjectives that cannot take a person as subject
▸


0400
-ableの形容詞の用法Usage of -able adjectives
▸

0401
many / muchMany / much
▸


0402
few / littleFew / little
▸


0403
someとanyの違いThe difference between some and any
▸

0404
基数Cardinal numbers
▸


0405
序数Ordinal numbers
▸


0406
分数・小数の表し方How to express fractions and decimals
▸

0407
国名形容詞の作り方How to form adjectives of nationality
▸


0408
国民全体を表すthe＋形容詞The + adjective referring to a nation's people as a whole
▸

0409
意見→大きさ→性質→年齢→色→出身→材料の順The order: opinion → size → quality → age → color → origin → material
▸


0410
複数形容詞が並ぶときの順序The order when several adjectives appear together
▸

第22章　副詞（Adverbs）

Part 1　副詞の位置と働き（The position and function of adverbs）

0411
副詞の基本的な位置The basic position of adverbs
▸


0412
修飾する語による位置の違いHow position varies depending on what is modified
▸

Part 2

0413
動詞を修飾する副詞Adverbs modifying a verb
▸


0414
形容詞・副詞を修飾する副詞Adverbs modifying an adjective or adverb
▸


0415
文全体を修飾する副詞Adverbs modifying the whole sentence
▸

0416
紛らわしい副詞（hard / hardlyなど）Confusing adverbs (hard / hardly, etc.)
▸


0417
頻度を表す副詞の位置The position of adverbs of frequency
▸

0418
対比を表す副詞Adverbs expressing contrast
▸


0419
因果を表す副詞Adverbs expressing cause and effect
▸


0420
追加を表す副詞Adverbs expressing addition
▸

0421
文全体を修飾する副詞の特徴Characteristics of adverbs that modify the whole sentence
▸


0422
特定の語を修飾する副詞との違いThe difference from adverbs modifying a specific word
▸

第23章　前置詞（Prepositions）

Part 1　前置詞のイメージ（The image of prepositions）

0423
空間を表す前置詞のイメージThe spatial image of prepositions
▸


0424
時間を表す前置詞のイメージThe temporal image of prepositions
▸

Part 2

0425
前置詞＋名詞の形The preposition + noun form
▸


0426
形容詞句・副詞句としての働きFunctioning as an adjective phrase or adverb phrase
▸

0427
場所を表す前置詞Prepositions of place
▸


0428
時を表す前置詞Prepositions of time
▸


0429
手段・方法を表す前置詞Prepositions of means and method
▸

0430
because of型The because-of type
▸


0431
in spite of型The in-spite-of type
▸


0432
according to型The according-to type
▸

0433
look forward toLook forward to
▸


0434
be responsible forBe responsible for
▸


0435
be independent ofBe independent of
▸

第24章　接続詞（Conjunctions）

Part 1　接続詞の働き（The function of conjunctions）

0436
等位接続詞と従属接続詞の違いThe difference between coordinating and subordinating conjunctions
▸


0437
接続詞の基本的な役割The basic role of conjunctions
▸

Part 2

0438
and / or / butの用法Usage of and / or / but
▸


0439
相関接続詞（both A and Bなど）Correlative conjunctions (both A and B, etc.)
▸

0440
thatの用法Usage of that
▸


0441
whether / ifの用法Usage of whether / if
▸

0442
時を表す接続詞Conjunctions of time
▸


0443
理由・条件を表す接続詞Conjunctions of reason and condition
▸


0444
譲歩を表す接続詞Conjunctions of concession
▸

0445
接続副詞の特徴（however, therefore等）Characteristics of conjunctive adverbs (however, therefore, etc.)
▸


0446
接続詞との文法的な違いThe grammatical difference from conjunctions
▸